Instead of focusing on the existing systems or trying to come up with a new system, this piece looks to demystify some useful terminology to help you recognise the most common Latin type styles.
Aeonik — The first collaborative font family by Mark Bloom and Joe Leadbeater
Aeonik also offers vast character sets across each weight, with all Western European diacritics, Punctuation, Mathematic & Numerics. Opentype features allow multiple subsets, caps alternates, tabular and lining numerals, both proportional and old-style.